followed on April 25 with its own declaration of war. Spain found it had no diplomatic support in Europe, but nevertheless declared war the U.S.
Congress forced the reluctant Republican President William McKinley to issue an ultimatum to Spain on April 19, 1898. As public political pressure from the Democratic Party and certain industrialists built up for war, the U.S. American attention was focused on the issue after the mysterious explosion that sank the American battleship Maine on Februin Havana Harbor. The failure of Spain to engage in active social reforms in Cuba as demanded by the United States government was the basic cause for the Spanish–American War. Other revolutionary leaders were given amnesty and a monetary indemnity by the Spanish government in return for which the rebel government agreed to go into exile in Hong Kong. The terms of the pact called for Aguinaldo and his militia to surrender. The Philippine Revolution began in August 1896 and ended with the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, a ceasefire between the Spanish colonial Governor-General Fernando Primo de Rivera and the revolutionary leader Emilio Aguinaldo which was signed on December 15, 1897. Philippine Revolution and the Spanish–American War 5 Japanese occupation and World War II (1941–1945).1.9 Philippine elections, Malolos Congress, Constitutional government.1.3 Philippine declaration of independence.1 Philippine Revolution and the Spanish–American War.The United States formally recognized the independence of the Republic of the Philippines on July 4, 1946, according to the terms of the Philippine Independence Act. Īfter the World War II Japanese invasion in 1941 and subsequent occupation of the Philippines, the United States and Philippine Commonwealth military recaptured the Philippines in 1945.
The Insular Government was dissolved and the Commonwealth of the Philippines, intended to be a transitional government in preparation for the country's full achievement of independence in 1946, was brought into existence. Quezon was elected and inaugurated second President of the Philippines on November 15, 1935. įollowing the passage of the Philippine Independence Act in 1934, a Philippine presidential election was held in 1935.
A series of insurgent governments that lacked significant international and diplomatic recognition also existed between 18. military government of the Philippine Islands experienced a period of great political turbulence, characterized by the Philippine–American War.īeginning in 1901, the military government was replaced by a civilian government-the Insular Government of the Philippine Islands-with William Howard Taft serving as its first Governor-General. With the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898, Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States. The history of the Philippines from 1898 to 1946 began with the outbreak of the Spanish–American War in April 1898, when the Philippines was still a colony of the Spanish East Indies, and concluded when the United States formally recognized the independence of the Republic of the Philippines on July 4, 1946.